After a head injury, neurological symptoms may appear that need evaluation. Treatment and follow-up are decided based on the exam and imaging.
Common symptoms
- Headache after a blow
- Dizziness, nausea or vomiting
- Drowsiness or confusion
- Disorientation
- Seizures
- Weakness or numbness
Treatment options
From least to most invasive. The choice is made after reviewing your symptoms and your imaging.
- 1Clinical neurological evaluation
- 2Review or ordering of a CT scan or MRI
- 3Medical care and monitoring when appropriate
- 4Surgery if indicated
When is a blow to the head an emergency?
If there was loss of consciousness, repeated vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, seizures, a headache that keeps getting worse, or weakness in the arms or legs. In older adults and people on blood thinners, any blow to the head deserves an evaluation even if it seems minor.
What is a chronic subdural hematoma?
It is a collection of blood between the brain and its membranes that forms slowly, sometimes weeks after a minor blow. It is more common in older adults and can cause confusion, changes in behavior, trouble walking or weakness on one side.
What care is recommended after a minor blow?
Relative rest for the first 24 to 48 hours, avoiding alcohol and sedating medications, and having someone watch for changes such as drowsiness, vomiting or confusion. If any of these signs appear or the headache gets worse, get an evaluation.
Frequently asked questions
When is a CT scan necessary?
It is ordered based on symptoms, how the injury happened and the findings of the clinical evaluation.
Which warning signs should I watch for?
Excessive drowsiness, confusion, seizures, persistent vomiting, weakness or progressive worsening.
Can follow-up be done without hospitalization?
In mild cases it may be possible, but it depends on the evaluation and the imaging.
When is surgery considered?
When there is an injury that compresses structures or poses a significant risk according to the imaging and exam.
